Basic Training
Anatomical abnormality of the ear
Identify anomalies of the pinna, including microtia, anotia, accessory auricles, preauricular sinus, aural atresia and malformations of the middle ear
Aware of characteristic ear appearance in certain syndromes and its association with other anomalies
Hearing impairment
Understand the Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening (UNHS) Care Path and management
Common causes and classification of hearing impairment
Infection of the ear
Understand the presentation of otitis externa, acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion
Apply the different management strategies
Inflammation / Infection of the upper airway
Differentiation of croup and acute epiglottitis
Emergency management
Inflammation / Infection of the throat
Diagnostic features and common management of acute pharyngitis and tonsillitis
Understand the association with acute rheumatic fever, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, infectious mononucleosis, etc.
Epistaxis
Evaluation and common management of epistaxis
Rhinitis
Classification into allergic and non-allergic causes such as vasomotor rhinitis
Common management including use of topical nasal medications
Orofacial cleft anomalies
Cleft palate and associated feeding / speech problems and middle ear infection
Multidisciplinary management approach
Desirable skills
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Use of otoscope
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Use of nasal speculum
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Interpretation of brainstem auditory evoked potential and pure tone audiometry
Higher Training
Syndromes associated with ENT malformation
Understand the effect on airway patency and feeding in conditions such as Pierre Robin sequence, Treacher Collins syndrome
Hearing impairment
Genetic causes of hearing impairment
Understand the management of hearing impairment such as hearing aids, cochlear implants
Vertigo
Diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Differentiate vertigo from dizziness
Obstructive sleep apnoea and snoring
Understand the role of tonsillectomy in the management of OSAS
Desirable skills
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Repositioning maneuver for BPPV (Epley’s maneuver)